Vessel



March 19, 1929. J, NACEY 1,706,035

VESSEL FileC INOV. 24, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet l March 19, 1929. J NACEY 1,706,035

VESSEL File NOV- 24, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 17%.? I 51) W v #1 3g 3/ T 54 1 J 1 L a T a L J 3 l/ ,2 7 9 3 T n, T U U 65 am my March 19, 1929. J, NACEY 1,706,035

VESSEL File N V- 24, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 mayw Patented Mar. 19,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES NACEY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

VESSEL.

Application filed- November 24, 1926. Serial No. 150,468.

This invention relates to vessels and is particularly directed to a sand carrying vessel.

Gbjects of this invention are to provide a novel form of sand carrying vessel which is so constructed that it can carry a larger uantity of sand for the same external dimensions and draft of the vessel than has heretofore been possible, which does not have bulkheads or beams in the hold, which has a held open throughout from one end to the.

other, not practicable with the customary construction in vessels of large dimensions, and which is so constructed that although the vessel may encounter heavy seas, neverthewater may be allowed first to run out of the hold of the vessel by gravity until the water inside the hold approximates the level of the sea,'and in which additlonal means are provided for removing substantially all of the 7 water from the sand, so that the vessel has a lighter load to carry for the same volume of sand than has heretofore been possible.

Further objects are to provide a sand carrying vessel in which means are provided consisting of sumps and wells through which the water may pass and discharge through the bottom of the vessel, eliminating devices on deck, and the shedding of water on same, and in which a series of valves are provided which may be independently controlled to govern the water level in the hold, and in which an emergency valve is provided for permitting the discharge of the water through the side of the vessel in case the vessel settles upon the bottom during filling.

Further objects are to provide a filtering t ap which may be'operated to remove the water from the sand after the water in the hold has settled to approximately sea level,

and to so construct the trap'that it will prevent the passage of sand therethrough, but

* permit relatively clear water to be drawn" from the mass of sand and water in the hold,

.so that the vessel is materially lightened, al-

though the total volume of sand carried is materially greater than has heretofore been possible with the same size of vessel.

Further objects are to provide a novel form of framing or bracing and to so construct this bracing that it cooperates directly with the shape of the hold, and generally to provide a sand carrying vessel which is thoroughly safe and seaworthy.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings in which The several views are diagrammatic and are as follows:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view through the vessel, such view corresponding approximately to a section on the line 11 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view corresponding approximately to a section on the line 2-2 of Figures 1 and 3;

Figure 3 is a sectional view on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view approximately on the line 44 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a sectional view partly in perspective on the line 5-5 of Figure l;

Figure 6 is a sectional view partly in perspective on the line 66 of F igure 4;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary plan view of one of the sand traps and the associated header.

Figure 8 is a detail of the center keelson and the associated braces.

- Referring to the drawings, particularly Figures 1 and 3, it will be seen that the vessel comprises water tight compartments or tanks 1 located on opposite sides of the vessel and extending longitudinally thereof. Between these compartments, the sand receiving hold 2 or the vessel is located. The vessel is formed of outer plating 3, a bottom at, a main deck 5, and a working deck 6. The hold of the vessel is defined by means of the inwardlv slanting upper plates 7 and the outwardly slanting lower plates 8. These plates are joinedby an intermediate substantially ver tical portion 9. The hold is completed by the bottom 10. The bottom of the vessel is strengthened and made extremely rigid by means of the vertical partitions 11 which are attached to the bottom 4 and the bottom 10 of the hold. These parts are secured by angle irons 12 or in any other suitable and approved manner. Preferably, at regular intervals transverse plates 13 are provided in order to secure a cellular extremely rigid structure. Thewvater tight compartments 1,

' or tanlis, in addition to the enclosed spaces at the ends of the vessel, are of suflicient capacity to insure the floatingrgot the-vessel evenit the entire hold is filled with sand or with sand and water, so that it is impossible to sink;

the boat by overloading. 7

In order to provide fort-he requisite lateralstrength of the sides 3 of the vessel,.angularly arra'inged channelled struts. or shoring braces 11, 1'2, "and 13, are" provided. Obviously, more braces may be employed and arranged in this diagonal manner, as desired, the diagonal arrangement being'shown in Figure 1 This bracing structure occurs at regular intervals along the boat from one endto the other contiguous to the hold,- and provides against inward or outward bending or distortion of the sides 31 It is to'benoted that th'emain diagonal braces or struts 12 and 13 are sec'ured to the slanting lower and upper portions 8' and 7 of the sides of the hold.

extending beams or angle and channel iron members; as indicated at 17 and 18*, are provided, together with suitable reentorclng corner webs 19 and 20. In addition to this,

any number of longitudinally extending.

members 21 may be provided-as desired, and as illustrated particularlv'ln Figure 1. It 1s to be noted further, that the upwardly e'xtending diagonal braces or struts 13 are 1oined to the horizontal transverse beams .18

- by means oft'the reenfor'cing plates 22, and

are 23; I

It is to be distinctly understood that other structural bracing" members are employed than those specifically recited, but it is helieved that a description of the main bracing members is sufficient to illustrate the struc also joined to the deck 6 by bracket' plates tural formation of the vessel, and the means I and wells 24 2o whereby the unusual rigidity and strength is primarly atta ned; Alt regularly spaced polnts alone the Inner side 01' the hold, s'umps' trat'ed particularly in Figures 1 and 2.

These portions are defined by a rectangular inwardly projecting "box-like construction. The inner walls of the 'sumps 24 are indicated by the reference character 26, particu-[ larly as may be seenfrom Figure 1. These inner walls haveperforatedlower side p'or-, tions 27 and a perforated lower front or inner Figure 1'.

are provided, as illus portion 28, such latterportionheing hinged, as indicated at 29, for a purpose hereinafter to appear. The sumps 24 are separated from the wells 25-by means of the plates or walls 30, preferably, removable manhole covers 31 being provided in such walls.

Further. his to be noted that discharge, downwardly extending passages 32 are provided leading from the well to the lower portion of the vessel and opening into apprr priately sealed rectangular compartments, as indicated'bv the reference character 33, in I, The bottom of the vessel at such last mentioned compartments is perforated or open to the sea, as indicated at 34 in Figure 1. It is to be noted thatthe sides or" the passageways 3201: the wells 25 make a reentrant angle with the walls 30-dividing the wells from the sumps. In order to prevent water from lodging in these angular cornpartments, such compartments are filled with cement, as'in'dicated by the reference character 3 1" so as to give a slanting self-draining surface, as shown particularly in Figurel.

It is'to be noted also from Figure 1 that the walls 30 are provided witha plurality of apertures, as indicated by the reference characters 35, 36-, and 37. These apertures are-controlledbyslid in-gvalves 88, 3-9, and 40. The position of these valves is controlled in turn by means ofthe hand wheels 41, 4:2, and

Y which are" accessible from the deck 6. These hand wheels are connected by means of tl'irea'ded spindles and sleeves, as shown in V Figure 1', with their respective valves, so that the valves may be independently controlled. These'valves. therefore, control communication between the sumps 24 and wel s 25. Furth r, it is to be noted that the side walls of the wells 25 are provided with openings 4% which are, in turn. controlled by valves 45. These valves are operated by means of hand wheels 46 in a manner similar to those previously described and, consequently, such last mentioned valves 4t5control communication directly between: the hold and the wells.

It isto be noted further that the wall 9 is apertured and is connected'to an apertured portion of the outer wall 3 of the vessel by means of a pipe 47. Communication tron the wells 25 to the pipes at controlled by means of the valves 4-8 which may be termed emergency valves, as will appear hBTQlD'.

'50- and is distributed inth'e proper manner through thebranch pipes 51-, the actual dissand is below the valves' l water wit -l .i the held, the lowermost valve 38 is opened and allows. the water to flow through the apertures 35 into the wells It the water in the hold is above the sea level, it is apparent that the water will run downwardly through the passages 32 from the wells and outwardly through the perforations 34 in the bottom or the .Isel. As the loading ve increases, the valve 38 nay be closed and the valve 39 opened, the action previously described continuing. Finally, the valve 39 may be closed and the valve l0 opened.

If it is found that the vessel inadvertently settles upon tl-.. bottom and closes the apertures 3 lduriug loading, this condition will be immediately indicated the relatively rapid risin of the water in the hold. Under thes condi ns, the supply 01" water and sand hut oil and the emergency valves l8 are opened. This allows the wells 25 to discharge thro h the. pipes The water rises upwardly through the sand which partially fills the lower portion of the 'sumps 24; and flows in othe wells 25 and from thence ij outwardly throngs the pipes ll; This operation, however, can i hastened if the y opening he auxiliary valves hand allowing water LO flow directly from the hold into the wells 25 and troi thence outwardly through the pipes 47. This quickly llows the vessel to rise from the bottom and, consequently, to open the perforations l in the bottom. When this occurs, the r nergency valves 48 are closed, as well as the auniliary valves 45, and the opera tion of loadin continues as before, after having shifted the position or" the vessel.

It is to be noted that approximately, the sand fills from to 60% of the space in the hold under usual conditions, the voids or spaces between the sand constituting from 25 to 463 2, and bei filled with water.

in order to lighten the load ot the vessel i its loar substantially wholly to ht of the sand, the action previously 'hod oi separating the water and sand n of sand filterlS, are all closed.

g to Figures 2 and i to 6, it will hit the slanting side walls or lower portions 8 of the hold are provided with aper tures 54 adjacent their lower portions and very close to the bottom of the hold. These aperturescommunicate with sand traps, indicated generally bythe reference character These sand traps consist of box-liire uctures, as shown in greatest detail in Figures 4, 5, 211C 6. Preferably, the hole 54.- is

' ctangular and a re *tangilar short length eterring particularly to Figures a, 5, and 6, it will be seen that the sand tray consists of a extending channel which conrnuni t its lower end with an up ward-y esteno channel 08. this upwa dry extending channel 58, in turn, communicates it-h downwardly extending channel 59, as developed by the ierspective sectional views shown in Figures 5 and 6, and by the arrows associated with such figures. The downwardly extending channel 59 opens at its lower end into an upwardly extending channel 60 which, in turn, communicates its upper end with a downwardly extending channel 61. In turn, this downwardly extending channel communicates at its lower end and with an upwardly extending channel (5:2. It is to be noted that this last channel communicates by means oi a pipe 63 (see Figure 7) with the clear water header The action oi these sand traps is as follows: The sand and water pass downwardly in the first channel 5'? and rises part \Yfif in ti e second channel 58. The water flows through this sand something on the order of a tilter ing action taking place, and passes succes sively downwardly and upwardly through the aining channels, finally clear water bein discharged through the pipe 63 wholly freed from sand. This clear water is received by the collecting clear water header 64:, such header passing to suitable pumps and removing the water. The reason for providing a plurality of channels 57 to 62 is to insure the collecting of the sand in one or more of the channels and to guard against discharge of sand into the clear water headers, it being understood that the series o1": sand traps is duplicated on opposite sides of the vessel.

This filtering action may continue for the requisite length of time until substantial all of the water is removed from the spar between the grains of sand, so that the vessel is called upon to carry only a we it equal to that 01 the sand itself, and is not loadc-zl down by the unnecessary weight of the water, as in the usual practice.

It is to be distinctly understood that any number or combination of channels, as dcscribed above, may be employed in the sand traps, preferably however, a sullicicnt nuns her is employed to insure retention of the sand. Further, itis apparent that by making the channels rectangular in cross section. that a very compact arrangement for the sa: d traps may be'secured.

VJ hen the vessel arrives at the place for discharging the sand, it is clear that any suitable type of unloading mechanism may be projected into the open hold of the vessel and may traverse such held from end to end, without interruption, as there are no transverse braces or bulkheads crossing such hold.

Consequently, the utmost ease of discharging the sand is secured by this construction.

I Due to the peculiar manner of forming the vessel, as described in the first portion of this specification, it is clear that the transverse deck beams and bulkheads heretofore found indispensable in the usual designs or sand carrying vessels, are wholly unnecessary as a measure ot safety wlth the type or" vessel forming the su-byect matter of this invention,

as the vessel isa rigid unit throughout,with

out the necessity out such transverse braces or bulkheads in the hold.

7 It will be seen further, that the draft of the vessel torthe same volume or" sand is materially less than has heretofore been possible in sand carrying vessels tor the same size and the same ca iaci-t i of hold as means are uro- 7 l vided for removing the water from the sand sothat'the Vessel, as stated above, is called upon to bear only the actual weight of the sand While it is trans )ortinothe load. Fur-' ther, it is to be distinctly understood that the water-tight compartments or tanks 1 may be div1ded by plates or bulkheads into any number of distinct compartments.

Further, it is to be noted that the buoyancy of the water-tight tanks or compartments is suflicient to prevent sinking of the vessel, even when the hold is completely loaded with sand or with sand and water. Further, due to the fact that there is no open communication whatsoever between the hold and these watertight compartments, irrespective ot the opening or closing of any of tee valves, it is apparent that the vessel will not sink even it any of the valves are inadvertently left open,

as no damage can be done by such inadvertonce.

m It is to be noted that the bracingot the ship at the center keelson is illustrated in bracing members 66 which are secured at their outwardly turned ends (57' to the center keelson 65, and are similar y secured at their ends 68 to the plates 18. Four 01 these bracing members are employed at each point ot'crossing of the center keelson and the plates 13. I

Itwill be seen-that this novel term of con-- struction greatlyincreases the strength of the vessel.

t will be seen. theretoe, that a highly practical and easily constructed and carrying vessel has been provided by this invention, which is a rigid unit and is yet devoid oi. transverse braces or bulkheads in the sand carrying hold. Further, it is to be noted that the vessel is thoroughly seaworthy, and although it may encounter rough seas and roll to a great extent,- that nevertheless displacement of the sand in the hold can not occur due to the outwardly bulged formation of the side walls of the hold. The sand, it is to be noted, will pack or pocket in these outwardly bulged portions and, consequently, can not be washed trom one side to the other side during the rolling of the vessel. Consequently, shifting of the load cannot occur and the utmost stability is secured. Further, it is to be noted that due to the fact that the water has been removed from the sand, such sand more readily packs than heretoioreand the shifting or the sand is further prevented by this means.

In addition to the results previously stated, it is to be noted that it it should happen through stress of weather that any of the sand were lost overboard the resulting space would be filled with sea water, a much lighter substance, in consequence of which the vessels draft would be decreased.

It is to be noted that the pivoted perforated portions 528 permit cleaning of the sumps when the hold is empty.

Further, it is to lee-noted that a highly practical and easily controlled means has been provided for removing the'water from the sand, so that the load of the vessel for the same volume otsand is materially lightened.

It is to be. noted further that all of the values are readily under the control or" the operators positioned uponthe deck 6, and that the'utmost ease or control or the va 'ious members is thus secured. Y

1 Although the invention has been described in considerable detail, such description is intended as illustrative rather than limiting as the invention may be variously embodied and as the scope of such invention is to be determined as claimed.

I claim: r r

l. A sand carrying vessel comprising an outershell andan inner shell forming a sand carrying hold and spaced from said outer shell, a plurality of compartments, one so of compartments communicating at th ir lower ends with the said hold and communicating at intermediate points with the other set otsaid compartments, the other set of said compartments opening through said outer shell, whereby water carried by the sand in the hold will pass upwardly. into the first of said compartments and into the other or" said compartments and outwardly through the outer shell until the level of the water in the holdapproximates sea level.. I V 2. In a sand carrying vessel, the combina- 1011 of an outer shell and an'inner shell formllt) I the water after the hold has been filled.

,7 3. A sand carrying vessel comprising an outer shell and an inner shell forming a sand carrying hold adapted to have sand and water pumped therein, said vessel having compartments forming sumps and Wells, said sumps opening at their lower ends into the lower portion of said hold, said Wells opening through the bottom of said outer shell, and means for controlling communication between said sumps and wells.

l. A sand carrying vessel comprising an outer shell and an inner shell forming a sand carrying hold adapted to have sand and water pumped therein, said vessel having compartments forming sumps and wells, said sumps opening attheir lower ends into the lower portion of said hold, said wells opening through the bottom of said outer shell, means for controlling communication bet-ween said sumps and wells,-and auxiliary means for providing emergency discharge passages from said wells through the sides of the outer shell.

5. A sand carrying vessel comprising an outer shell and an inner shell forming a sand carrying hold, said vessel having pairs of compartments forming sumps and wells, said sumps having the lower portion of their Walls provided with a plurality of apertures opening into the lower portion of said hold, means for placing said sumps and wells in communication with each other at points above the lower apertured portions of said sumps, said wells extending downwardly to the bottom oi the outer shell, tie bottom of said outer shell having perforated portions adjacent the bottom of the wells.

6. A sand carrying vessel having an outer shell and an inner shell forming a sand carrying hold, a plurality of vertical units arranged along the sides of said hold and each having two compartments forming respec tively a sump and a well, valves controlling communication between said sumps and wells, the lower portion of said sumps communicating with the lower portion of said hold, said wells opening through the bottom of said outer shell, pipes opening into said wells and opening through the sides of the outer shell, and valves controlling said pipes.

7. A sand carrying vessel having an outer shell and an inner shell forming a sand carrying hold, a plurality of vertical units arranged along the sides of sand hold and each having two compartments forming respectively a sump and a Well, valves controlling communication between said sumps and wells, the lower portion of said sumps communicating with the lower portion of said hold, said wells opening through the bottom of said outer shell, pipes opening into said wells and opening through the sides of the outer shell, and valves controlling said pipes, said vessel having a deck, and all of said valves being controlled from said deck.

8. A sand carrying vessel having an outer shell and an inner shell forming a sand carryin hold, a plurality of vertically arranged units positioned along the sides of said hold and each consisting of a sump and a well, said sump having a perforated lower poltion communicating with the lower portion of said hold, a plurality of valves adapted to establish communication between said sumps and wells at any of a plurality of vertically spaced points, said wells opening through the bottom of said outer shell, pipes extending from said wells andopening through the sides of said vessel, valves controlling said pipes, and a plurality of auxiliary valves adapted to establish communication directly between said hold and said wells.

9. A sand carrying vessel having an outer shell and an inner shell forming a sand carrying hold, a plurality of vertically arranged units positioned along the sides of said hold and each consisting of a sump and a well, said sump having a perforated lower portion communicating with the lower portion of said well, a plurality of valves adapted to establish communication between said sumps and wells at any of a plurality of vertically spaced points, said wells opening through the bottom of said outer shell, pipes extending from said wells and opening through the sides of said vessel, valves controlling said pipes, and a plurality of auxiliary valves adapted to establish conmiunication directly between said hold and said wells, the perforated lower portions of said sumps being movably mounted to permit cleaning of said sumps and wells when said hold is empty.

10. A. sand carrying vessel having a hold into wh -h a mixture of sand and water is adapted to be pumped, and filtering traps communicating with the lower portion of said hold and adapted to arrest the passage of the sand while permitting the withdrawal of the water through such traps, said filtering traps each having a plurality of communicating reversely extending passageways. A

11. A sand carrying vessel having a hold and having pipes leading to said hold and adapted to convey sand and water into said hold, a plurality of filtering traps communieating with the lower portion of said hold at spaced points, each of said traps having vertical channels communicating in succession with each other at alternate ends, and a dis charge pipe connected to said filtering traps and communicating with the last of the channels of'said traps, whereby sand Will be retained in saidchannels While permitting v the withdrawal of Water through said channels. I v V 12,;A sand carrying vessel compr sing an outer shell, an inner shell spaced from the outer shell and forming a sand receiving hold, the side Walls of the inner shell being outwardly bulged to form concavities in which the sand is adapted to pocket, diagonal bracing members extending from the outer shell to the inner shell and secured to the side and arranged in groups about each point of crossing of the center keelson and transverse plates and secured to such keelson and'transverse plates. v

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand at Milwaukeefin the county of Milwaukee and State 01 Wis consin. 7

JAMES NAC'EY. 

